SPIRAMYCIN I

Absorption

The extent of absorption of Spiramycin was shown to be incomplete. Oral bioavailability ranges from 30-39%. Spiramycin has slower rate of absorption than Erythromycin. It has a high pKa (7.9) which could be a result of high degree of ionization in acidic medium of the stomach.

Toxicity

Cardiac toxicity, specifically QT prolongation (irregular heartbeat; recurrent fainting). Cholestatic hepatitis (abdominal pain; nausea; vomiting; yellow eyes or skin). Gastrointestinal toxicity, specifically acute colitis (abdominal pain and tenderness; bloody stools; fever). Intestinal injury (abdominal pain and tenderness). Ulcerated esophagitis (chest pain; heartburn).

Chemical properties

Crystalline Solid

The Uses of SPIRAMYCIN I

Antibiotic substance classified in the erythromycin-carbomycin group

The Uses of SPIRAMYCIN I

Antibiotic substance classified in the erythromycin-carbomycin group.

What are the applications of Application

Spiramycin I is an antibiotic from the erythromycin-carbomycin group

Indications

Macrolide antibiotic for treatment of various infections.

Background

Spiramycin is a primarily bacteriostatic macrolide antimicrobial agent with activity against Gram-positive cocci and rods, Gram-negative cocci and also Legionellae, mycoplasmas, chlamydiae, some types of spirochetes, Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium. Spiramycin is a 16-membered ring macrolide discovered in 1952 as a product of Streptomyces ambofaciens that has been available in oral formulations since 1955, and parenteral formulations since 1987. Resistant organisms include Enterobacteria, pseudomonads, and moulds.

Definition

ChEBI: A macrolide antibiotic produced by various Streptomyces species that is used to treat toxoplasmosis and various other infections of soft tissues.

Pharmacokinetics

The absolute bioavailability of oral spiramycin is generally within the range of 30 to 40%. After a 1 g oral dose, the maximum serum drug concentration was found to be within the range 0.4 to 1.4 mg/L.

Metabolism

Spiramycin is less metabolised than some of the other macrolides. Metabolism has not been well studied. It is mainly done in the liver to the active metabolites.