HEMLOCK OIL

Chemical properties

Spruce and hemlock oils are produced in Canada and the northeast of the United States by steam distillation of needles and twigs from Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns et Poggenb. (black spruce), Picea glauca (Moench) Voss var. glauca (white spruce), Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière (Hemlock spruce), and related species. They are very pale to light yellow liquids with a pleasant odor reminiscent of pine needles.
d²⁵₂₅ 0.900–0.915; n²⁰_D 1.4670–1.4720; α²⁰_D ?25 ° to ?10 °; solubility: 1 vol in at least 1 vol of 90% ethanol; solutions may become hazy when >2 vol of 90% ethanol are added; ester content (calculated as bornyl acetate): 37–45%.

Chemical properties

The oil is obtained by steam distillation of needles and twigs from the above-mentioned botanical sources It has a pleasant pine-needle odor.

Physical properties

It is a pale yellow to light yellow liquid.

Definition

Extractives and their physically modified derivatives. Conium maculatum, Umbelliferae.