Gramine

Chemical properties

?3-(Dimethylaminomethyl)indole [87-52-5], gramine, C11H14N2, Mr 174.25, mp 138 – 139 ℃, forms colorless needles. The compound is soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, and chloroform and insoluble in water. It can be synthesized from indole by the Mannich reaction with dimethyl-amine and formaldehyde. Gramine is used to synthesize D,L-tryptophan, the plant growth regulators indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butanoic acid as well as the intermediate tryptamine.

The Uses of Gramine

Reactant for preparation of:

• Dopamine D2 receptor antagonists
• Anti-malarial drugs
• 5-indolyl-Mannich bases
• Proliferation inhibitors
• Inhibitors of human mast cell chymase
• Preparation of DL-tryptophan
• Potential detoxification inhibitors of the crucifer phytoalexin brassinin
• 3-vinylindoles
• Serotonin 5-HT6 receptor ligand templates
• Selective protein kinase c delta (PKCδ) down regulators

What are the applications of Application

Gramine is a useful compound for the preparation of D2 receptor antagonists

Definition

ChEBI: Gramine is an aminoalkylindole that is indole carrying a dimethylaminomethyl substituent at postion 3. It has a role as a plant metabolite, a serotonergic antagonist, an antiviral agent and an antibacterial agent. It is an aminoalkylindole, an indole alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a gramine(1+).

General Description

This substance is a primary reference substance with assigned absolute purity (considering chromatographic purity, water, residual solvents, inorganic impurities). The exact value can be found on the certificate. Produced by PhytoLab GmbH & Co. KG

Storage

Room temperature

Purification Methods

Crystallise gramine from diethyl ether, ethanol or acetone. It sublimes at 59o/0.001mm. The hydrochloride crystallises from EtOH/Et2O with m 190.5-191.0o(dec). [Culvenor et al. Aust J Chem 17 1301 1964, Beilstein 22 III/IV 4302, 22/10 V 25.]