Fenoldopam

Toxicity

The most likely reaction of overdose would be excessive hypotension which should be treated with drug discontinuation and appropriate supportive measures.

Originator

Corlopam,Pharmaforce, Inc.

The Uses of Fenoldopam

The dopamine receptors play important role in cognition, memory, learning, and motor control (1). These receptors have been implicated as a therapeutic target for many psychiatric and neurological disorders. Fenoldopam is a selective dopamine 1 receptor agonist with diuretic and properties (2,3).

The Uses of Fenoldopam

Dopamine D1-receptor agonist. Antihypertensive.

The Uses of Fenoldopam

dopamine receptor agonists

Indications

For the in-hospital, short-term (up to 48 hours) management of severe hypertension when rapid, but quickly reversible, emergency reduction of blood pressure is clinically indicated, including malignant hypertension with deteriorating end-organ function.

Background

A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.

What are the applications of Application

Fenoldopam hydrochloride is a selective D1-like dopamine receptor partial agonist

Definition

ChEBI: Fenoldopam is a benzazepine. It has a role as a dopaminergic antagonist, a vasodilator agent, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, a dopamine agonist and an antihypertensive agent.

Manufacturing Process

2-Chloro-3,4-dimethoxyphenethylamine (1.0 g) was reacted with 0.70 g of pmethoxystyrene oxide to give the hydroxyphenethylamine; m.p. 118.5-121°C. This compound (2.16 g) was stirred at room temperature in 15 ml of trifluoroacetic acid with 4 drops of conc. sulfuric acid. After purification over a silica gel column with chloroform, 10% methanol/chloroform as eluates, was obtained 6-chloro-7,8-dimethoxy-1-p-methoxyphenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H- 3-benzazepine (0.78 g), m.p. 143-145°C.
The trimethoxy product (0.87 g, 2.50 mmoles) in 25 ml of dry methylene chloride was cooled in an ice-methanol bath and 12.5 ml (25.0 mmoles) of boron tribromide in methylene chloride was added dropwise. After stirring for 4 hours, the mixture was cooled in an ice bath while methanol was carefully added to give 0.37 g of 6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-p-hydroxyphenyl-2,3,4,5- tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hydrobromide, m.p. 215°C.
The base was regenerated from the hydrobromide salt using sodium carbonate solution in 85% yield. Treating the base with various acids gave the following salts: dl-tartrate, fumarate, hydrochloride, sulfate, and the most water soluble one, the methanesulfonate, m.p. 272°C.

brand name

Corlopam (Hospira).

Therapeutic Function

Antihypertensive

Biological Activity

Selective D 1 -like dopamine receptor partial agonist (EC 50 = 57 nM). Vasodilator in vivo and does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier. Also α 2 -adrenoceptor antagonist in vitro (K i = 15-25 nM).

Pharmacokinetics

Fenoldopam is an agonist at D1-like dopamine receptors, binds to α2-adrenoceptors, increasing renal blood flow.

Metabolism

Elimination is largely by conjugation, without participation of cytochrome P-450 enzymes. Methylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation are the main routes of conjugation.