Dalfopristin

The Uses of Dalfopristin

Dalfopristin is a semi-synthetic analogue of ostreogyrcin A (virginiamycin M, pristinamycin IIA, streptogramin A) formed by addition of diethylaminoethylthiol to the 2-pyrroline group of ostreogyrcin, followed by oxidation to the sulphone. The structural changes provide a more hydrophobic compound with a readily ionisable group for generating a salt. Dalfopristin is used commercially in synergistic combination with quinupristin (70:30). There is little published data on the synthesis, biological or antibiotic activity of dalfopristin alone, however the combination product is highly effective, including activity against antibiotic resistant strains.

The Uses of Dalfopristin

A Viiginiamycin M1 (V672810) derivative. A streptogramin antibiotic used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium.

The Uses of Dalfopristin

Dalfopristin is a semi-synthetic analogue of ostreogrycin A (virginiamycin M, pristinamycin IIA, streptogramin A) formed by addition of diethylaminoethylthiol to the 2-pyrroline group of ostreogrycin, followed by oxidation to the sulfone. The structural changes provide a more hydrophobic compound with a readily ionisable group for generating a salt. Dalfopristin is used commercially in synergistic combination with quinupristin (70:30). There is little published data on the synthesis, biological or antibiotic activity of dalfopristin alone, however the combination product is highly effective, including activity against antibiotic resistant strains.

Background

Dalfopristin is a combination of two antibiotics (Dalfopristin and quinupristin) used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. It is not effective against Enterococcus faecalis infections. Dalfopristin inhibits the early phase of protein synthesis in the bacterial ribosome and quinupristin inhibits the late phase of protein synthesis.

Indications

For the treatment of bacterial infections (usually in combination with quinupristin).

What are the applications of Application

Dalfopristin (as mesylate) is a semi-synthetic analogue of ostreogyrcin A

Definition

ChEBI: Dalfopristin is a macrolide that is pristinamycin IIA in which the double bond between positions 26 and 26a of the pyrroline ring has been reduced and position 26R carries a [2-(diethylamino)ethyl]sulfonyl group. It is a semi-synthetic streptogramin antibiotic and often used as a mixture with quinupristin for the treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. It has a role as an antibacterial drug and a protein synthesis inhibitor. It is a macrolide, a member of 1,3-oxazoles, a cyclic ketone, an enamide, a secondary alcohol, a secondary carboxamide, a tertiary carboxamide, a sulfone, a tertiary amino compound, a carboxylic ester and a macrolide antibiotic. It is functionally related to a pristinamycin IIA.

Pharmacokinetics

Dalfopristin is a streptogramin antibiotic, derived from pristinamycin IIA.

Metabolism

Converted to an active non-conjugated metabolite by hydrolysis.