Reduced Coenzyme Q10

Description

Ubiquinol is a reduced form of coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀; ), which exists in three redox states: fully oxidized (CoQ₁₀/ubiquinone), partially reduced (semiquinone/ubisemiquinone), and fully reduced (ubiquinol). CoQ₁₀ acts as an electron shuttle in the electron transport chain via its reduction to ubiquinol between mitochondrial complexes I and II, also known as NADH dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase, respectively, and mitochondrial complex III, also known as cytochrome bc₁ complex. CoQ₁₀ is also reduced to ubiquinol by ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) with NADPH as a cofactor, and ubiquinol traps lipid peroxyl radicals and inhibits lipid peroxidation helping to prevent ferroptosis.

Chemical properties

Light Yellow-Orange Solid

The Uses of Reduced Coenzyme Q10

Reduced coenzyme Q for improving nervous system cell functions

The Uses of Reduced Coenzyme Q10

Reduced coenzyme Q for improving nervous system cell functions.

What are the applications of Application

Ubiquinol is A reduced coenzyme Q used for improving nervous system cell functions

Background

Ubiquinol (CoQH2) is a reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) that acts as an active antioxidant that prevents the initiation and propagation of lipid peroxidation in biological membranes and human low-density lipoprotein (LDL). It plays an essential role in maintaining cellular defense against oxidative damage and also sustains the effects of vitamin E by regenerating the vitamin from the tocopheroxyl radical, but ubiquinol is not classified as a vitamin because it is synthesized by humans. There are varying concentrations of ubiquinol in foods, OTC products and dietary supplement products.

Definition

ChEBI: Ubiquinol-10 is a ubiquinol in which the polyprenyl substituent is decaprenyl. It has a role as a metabolite and a biomarker. It is a polyprenylhydroquinone and an ubiquinol.

Benefits

The reduced form of CoQ10, ubiquinol, is a powerful lipid-soluble antioxidant that provides critical antioxidant protection in the lymph and blood throughout the body. Ubiquinol is the only known fat-soluble antioxidant that human cells can synthesize. In its reduced form, ubiquinol coenzyme Q10 plays a significant role in preventing oxidation in both the lipids that make up much of the structure of cellular membranes in cells throughout the body and also in lipoprotein lipids present in circulation. Coenzyme Q10 can also recycle or regenerate other antioxidants such as vitamin E7 and vitamin C. Ubiquinol plays a critical role in mitochondria by protecting mitochondrial membranes and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from free radical damage[1].

Side Effects

Coenzyme Q10 supplements appear to be safe and produce few side effects when taken as directed. Mild side effects might include digestive problems such as: Upper abdominal pain, Loss of appetite, Nausea and vomiting, and Diarrhea.
Other possible side effects may include Headaches and dizziness, Insomnia, Fatigue, Skin itching or rashes, and Irritability or agitation.

Metabolism

Not Available

References

[1] Pelton, Ross. “Coenzyme Q10: A Miracle Nutrient Advances in Understanding.” Integrative medicine 19 2 (2020): 16–20.