IODIPAMIDE

Toxicity

Ionic radiocontrast agents like iodipamide are cytotoxic to renal cells. The toxic effects include apoptosis, cellular energy failure, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and disturbance of tubular cell polarity, and are thought to be linked to oxidative stress. Acute IV LD50 is 5000 mg/kg in rat, 3195 mg/kg in mouse, and 1200 mg/kg in dog.

Chemical properties

Crystalline Solid

Originator

Cholografin,Squibb,US,1954

The Uses of IODIPAMIDE

Diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium-cholecystographic).

The Uses of IODIPAMIDE

antihypertensive, diuretic, activates K channels and AMPA receptors

Background

Iodipamide is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.

Indications

Iodipamide is used as a contrast agent for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography.

Definition

ChEBI: Adipiodone is an organoiodine compound that is 3-amino-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 6-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodoanilino)-6-oxohexanoyl group. It is a water-soluble radiographic contrast media for cholecystography and intravenous cholangiography. It has a role as a radioopaque medium. It is an organoiodine compound, a member of benzoic acids and a secondary carboxamide. It is a conjugate acid of an adipiodone(2-).

Manufacturing Process

125 g of 2,4,6-triiodo-3-amino benzoic acid are dissolved in 250 cc of chlorobenzene and 15 g of adipic acid dichloride are added at a temperature between 110° and 130°C drop by drop to the solution. After evolution of hydrochloric acid (about 2 to 3 hours) has ceased, the precipitated crude adipic acid di-(3-carboxy-2,4,6-triiodo anilide) of the above formula is filtered hot with suction, washed with chlorobenzene, extracted by boiling with methanol and, for purification, dissolved in an amount of methanolic caustic soda solution required for neutralization, filtered with charcoal, and precipitated with dilute hydrochloric acid. Yield: 82.3 g, MP 306° to 308°C (with decomposition).

brand name

Pharmaceutic necessity for Iodipamide Meglumine [Injection]. Cholografin (Bristol-Myers Squibb).

Therapeutic Function

Diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium)

Hazard

Toxic by ingestion.

Pharmacokinetics

Following intravenous administration of Cholografin Meglumine, iodipamide is carried to the liver where it is rapidly secreted. The contrast medium appears in the bile within 10 to 15 minutes after injection, thus permitting visualization of the hepatic and common bile ducts, even in cholecystectomized patients. The biliary ducts are readily visualized within about 25 minutes after administration, except in patients with impaired liver function. The gallbladder begins to fill within an hour after injection; maximum filling is reached after two to two and one-half hours. The contrast medium is finally eliminated in the feces without passing through the enterohepatic circulation, except for approximately 10 percent of the intravenously administered dose which is excreted through the kidneys.

Metabolism

Hepatic.