Antazoline

Chemical properties

White, odorless crystalline powder with bitter taste. Sparingly soluble in alcohol and water; practically insoluble in benzene and ether.

Originator

Antistine HCl,Ciba,US,1948

The Uses of Antazoline

Antihistaminic.

Background

Antazoline is a 1st generation antihistamine with anticholinergic activity. It is used to relieve nasal congestion. It is also formulated as eye drops with naphazoline to relieve allergic conjunctivitis.

Indications

Used to relieve nasal congestion and in eye drops, usually in combination with naphazoline, to relieve the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.

Definition

ChEBI: A member of the class of imidazolines that is 2-aminomethyl-2-imidazoline in which the exocyclic amino hydrogens are replaced by benzyl and phenyl groups. Antazoline is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.

Manufacturing Process

15.4 parts of 2-chloromethylimidazoline hydrochloride, 45.8 parts of Nbenzylaniline and 150 parts of alcohol are heated in an oil bath at 100° to 110°C. After distilling off the alcohol, the reaction mass is maintained at this temperature for a further 3 hours and then triturated with water and 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate. The unconsumed benzylaniline is extracted with ether and the aqueous solution neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid. By evaporating this solution and extracting the residue with alcohol there is obtained 2-(N-phenyl-N-benzylaminomethyl)imidazoline hydrochloride in the form of colorless crystals of melting point 227° to 229°C.

Therapeutic Function

Antihistaminic

Pharmacokinetics

Antazoline is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist. It selectively bind to but does not activate histamine H1 receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous histamine.

Clinical Use

Antazoline is used for local application to the eye in allergic conjunctivitis.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal routes. An eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.

Metabolism

Not Available