1,1-dichloroethylene SDS
SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking
Product identifier
- Product name： 1,1-dichloroethylene
- CAS： 75-35-4
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
- Relevant identified uses： For R&D use only. Not for medicinal, household or other use.
- Uses advised against： none
Company Identification
- Company：Chemicalbook.in
- Address：5 vasavi Layout Basaveswara Nilayam Pragathi Nagar Hyderabad, India -500090
- Telephone：+91 9550333722
SECTION 2: Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
Flammable liquids, Category 1
Acute toxicity - Category 4, Inhalation
Carcinogenicity, Category 2
GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
-
Pictogram(s)
- Signal word Danger
H224 Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
H332 Harmful if inhaled
H351 Suspected of causing cancer
P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking.
P233 Keep container tightly closed.
P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment.
P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment.
P242 Use non-sparking tools.
P243 Take action to prevent static discharges.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse affected areas with water [or shower].
P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish.
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P317 Get medical help.
P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P405 Store locked up.
P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.
Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
Substance
- Chemical name: 1,1-dichloroethylene
- Common names and synonyms: 1,1-dichloroethylene
- CAS number: 75-35-4
- EC number: 200-864-0
- Concentration: 100%
SECTION 4: First aid measures
Description of necessary first-aid measures
Fresh air, rest. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible).
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .
Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Vapor can cause dizziness and drunkenness; high levels cause anesthesia. Liquid irritates eyes and skin. (USCG, 1999)
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Chlorinated fluorocarbons (CFCs) and related compounds
SECTION 5: Firefighting measures
Suitable extinguishing media
Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Use flooding quantities of water. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible distance. Vinylidene chloride, inhibited
Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic hydrogen chloride and phosgene are generated in fires. Behavior in Fire: May explode in fire due to polymerization. Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. (USCG, 1999)
Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Evacuate danger area! Remove all ignition sources. Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic vapours of low boiling point adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Environmental precautions
Evacuate danger area! Remove all ignition sources. Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic vapours of low boiling point adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, sawdust, or commercial sorbents. Apply appropriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard. Vinylidene chloride, inhibited
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Use non-sparking handtools. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store only if stabilized. Fireproof. Keep in the dark. Cool. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.PROTECT AGAINST PHYSICAL DAMAGE. OUTSIDE OR DETACHED STORAGE IS PREFERABLE. INSIDE STORAGE SHOULD BE IN STD FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS STORAGE ROOM OR CABINET. SEPARATE FROM OXIDIZING MATERIALS.
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
Control parameters
TLV: 5 ppm as TWA; A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen).MAK: 8.0 mg/m3, 2 ppm; peak limitation category: II(2); carcinogen category: 3B; pregnancy risk group: C.EU-OEL: 8 mg/m3, 2 ppm as TWA; 20 mg/m3, 5 ppm as STEL
no data available
Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Wear safety spectacles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Protective gloves.
Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
-
Physical state：
Liquid.
-
Colour：
Colorless.
-
Odour：
Mild, sweet odor resembling that of chloroform
-
Melting point/freezing point：
-122.6 °C.
-
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range：
31.7 °C. Atm. press.:760 mm Hg.
-
Flammability：
Class IA Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP below 100°F.
-
Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit：
Lower flammable limit: 6.5% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 15.5% by volume
-
Flash point：
-28 °C.
-
Auto-ignition temperature：
570 °C. Remarks:Not measured/tested.
-
Decomposition temperature：
no data available
-
pH：
no data available
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Kinematic viscosity：
dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.448. Temperature:-20.0°C.;dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.394. Temperature:0.0°C.;dynamic viscosity (in mPa s) = 0.33. Temperature:20°C.
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Solubility：
5 to 10 mg/mL at 70° F (NTP, 1992)
-
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water：
log Pow = 2.12. Remarks:No temperature or pH provided.
-
Vapour pressure：
102.7 hPa. Temperature:-20 °C.;286.6 hPa. Temperature:0 °C.;665 hPa. Temperature:20 °C.
-
Density and/or relative density：
1.21 g/cm3. Temperature:20 °C.
-
Relative vapour density：
3.46 (vs air)
-
Particle characteristics：
no data available
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
Reactivity
NIOSH considers vinylidene chloride to be a potential occupational carcinogen.
The substance can readily form explosive peroxides. The substance readily polymerizes due to heating or under the influence of oxygen, sunlight, copper or aluminium. This generates fire or explosion hazard. May explode on heating or on contact with flames. Decomposes on burning. This produces toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride and phosgene. Reacts violently with oxidants.
Chemical stability
no data available
Possibility of hazardous reactions
Flammable liquidThe vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible. Vapours are uninhibited and may polymerize, causing blockage of vents.Peroxidizable monomer, such as VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE, may initiate exothermic polymerization of the bulk material [Bretherick 1979. p. 160, 187]. Mixing vinylidene chloride in equal molar portions in a closed container with any of the following substances caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, or oleum [NFPA 1991]. Its reaction products with ozone are particularly dangerous [Dow Chemical, 1968]. This may extend to other powerful oxidants, as various peroxides are produced.
Conditions to avoid
no data available
Incompatible materials
At ambient temp, perchloryl fluoride is unreactive with 1,1-dichloroethylene, but reaction is explosive at 100-300 deg C, or if the mixture is ignited.
Hazardous decomposition products
When not stabilized, decomp in air into chlorine, hydrogen chloride, phosgene, & formaldehyde & white polymeric powder
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Mouse oral approx 200 mg/kg
- Inhalation: LC50 Rat (nonfasted) inhalation 10000-15000 ppm/4 hr
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of vinylidene chloride. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of vinylidene chloride. Overall evaluation: Vinylidene chloride is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
Reproductive toxicity
No studies were located regarding developmental or reproductive effects in humans. Birth defects were noted in the offspring of pregnant rats and mice that had been exposed to vinylidene chloride in air. In this study, maternal toxicity was observed at developmentally toxic concentrations.
STOT-single exposure
The substance is mildly irritating to the eyes and upper respiratory tract. Exposure far above the OEL could cause lowering of consciousness.
STOT-repeated exposure
The substance may have effects on the kidneys and liver. This may result in liver function impairment and kidney impairment. Tumours have been detected in experimental animals but may not be relevant to humans.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC10 - Pimephales promelas - 92.6 mg/L - 3 d.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 37 mg/L - 48 h.
- Toxicity to algae: EC50 - Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - 9.12 mg/L - 72 h.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: EC10 - Pseudomonas putida - > 2 000 mg/L - 17 h.
Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: 1,1-Dichloroethylene, present at 9.7 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 2 mg/L and the Closed Bottle Test(1). In another study, 45-78% of the chemical was lost in 7 days when incubated with a wastewater inoculum; however, a sizeable fraction of the loss was due to volatilization(2). 97% of 1,1-dichloroethylene was reported to be removed in a municipal wastewater plant(3). 1,1-Dichloroethylene at a concn of 160 ug/L was degraded using continuous mixed, batch-fed reactors at a 20-day operating solids retention time(4). 1,1-Dichloroethylene had a biodegradation half-life of 1.25 yrs in ground water from a former manufacturing facility in NJ(5).
Bioaccumulative potential
BCFs of 2.5 to 6.4 and <13 were measured for 1,1-dichloroethylene at concentrations of 0.5 and 0.05 mg/L, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
Mobility in soil
The Koc for 1,1-dichloroethylene has been measured as 64(1) and 65(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this Koc value suggests that 1,1-dichloroethylene is expected to have high mobility in soil. A Koc of 293 was measured in sewage solids(4).
Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
Disposal methods
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
UN Number
ADR/RID: UN1303 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: UN1303 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: UN1303 (For reference only, please check.)
UN Proper Shipping Name
ADR/RID: VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE, STABILIZED (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE, STABILIZED (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE, STABILIZED (For reference only, please check.)
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: 3 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: 3 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: 3 (For reference only, please check.)
Packing group, if applicable
ADR/RID: I (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: I (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: I (For reference only, please check.)
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: No
IMDG: No
IATA: No
Special precautions for user
no data available
Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
SECTION 16: Other information
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.An added stabilizer or inhibitor can influence the toxicological properties of this substance; consult an expert.The odour warning when the exposure limit value is exceeded is insufficient.Do NOT use in the vicinity of a fire or a hot surface, or during welding.