Hydroquinone SDS
SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking
Product identifier
- Product name： Hydroquinone
- CAS： 123-31-9
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
- Relevant identified uses： For R&D use only. Not for medicinal, household or other use.
- Uses advised against： none
Company Identification
- Company：Chemicalbook.in
- Address：5 vasavi Layout Basaveswara Nilayam Pragathi Nagar Hyderabad, India -500090
- Telephone：+91 9550333722
SECTION 2: Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral
Serious eye damage, Category 1
Skin sensitization, Category 1
Germ cell mutagenicity, Category 2
Carcinogenicity, Category 2
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1
GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
-
Pictogram(s)
- Signal word Danger
H302 Harmful if swallowed
H318 Causes serious eye damage
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction
H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects
H351 Suspected of causing cancer
H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
P273 Avoid release to the environment.
P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.
P330 Rinse mouth.
P305+P354+P338 IF IN EYES: Immediately rinse with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P317 Get medical help.
P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...
P333+P317 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help.
P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
P391 Collect spillage.
P405 Store locked up.
P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.
Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
Substance
- Chemical name: Hydroquinone
- Common names and synonyms: Hydroquinone
- CAS number: 123-31-9
- EC number: 204-617-8
- Concentration: 100%
SECTION 4: First aid measures
Description of necessary first-aid measures
Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Rinse mouth. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Refer for medical attention .
Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
This material is very toxic; the probable oral lethal dose for humans is 50-500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoon and 1 ounce for a 150 lb. person. It is irritating but not corrosive. Fatal human doses have ranged from 5-12 grams, but 300-500 mg have been ingested daily for 3-5 months without ill effects. Death is apparently initiated by respiratory failure or anoxia. (EPA, 1998)
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Aniline and related compounds
SECTION 5: Firefighting measures
Suitable extinguishing media
To fight fire, use water, carbon dioxide, dry chem .
Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Dust cloud may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. It can react with oxidizing materials and is rapidly oxidized in the presence of alkaline materials. Oxidizes in air. (EPA, 1998)
Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Environmental precautions
Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Environmental Considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames. Closed system, dust explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent deposition of dust. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Separated from strong bases and food and feedstuffs.Keep well closed and protected from light.
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
Control parameters
TLV: 1 mg/m3, as TWA; (SEN); A3 (confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans).MAK: skin absorption (H); sensitization of skin (SH); carcinogen category: 2; germ cell mutagen group: 3A
no data available
Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Wear safety goggles.
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Use local exhaust or breathing protection.
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
-
Physical state：
Solid. Crystalline.
-
Colour：
Colorless, light-tan, light-gray, white.
-
Odour：
Odorless
-
Melting point/freezing point：
172.3 °C.
-
Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range：
287 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa. Remarks:No atm. pressure cited. Standard conditions assumed.
-
Flammability：
Combustible Solid; dust cloud may explode if ignited in an enclosed area.
-
Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit：
no data available
-
Flash point：
165 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa.
-
Auto-ignition temperature：
515 °C. Atm. press.:Ca. 1 013 hPa.
-
Decomposition temperature：
no data available
-
pH：
no data available
-
Kinematic viscosity：
no data available
-
Solubility：
Partially miscible with water
-
Partition coefficient n-octanol/water：
log Pow = 0.59.
-
Vapour pressure：
0 hPa. Temperature:25 °C. Remarks:Converted from 0.000024 mm Hg.
-
Density and/or relative density：
1.33 g/cm3. Temperature:15 °C.
-
Relative vapour density：
3.81 (vs air)
-
Particle characteristics：
no data available
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
Reactivity
Reacts violently with sodium hydroxide.
Chemical stability
Its solution becomes brown in air due to oxidation.
Possibility of hazardous reactions
Fire hazard: slight, when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials.Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air.HYDROQUINONE is a slight explosion hazard when exposed to heat. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Also incompatible with bases. It reacts with oxygen and sodium hydroxide. Reacts with ferric salts (NTP, 1992). Hot and/or concentrated NaOH can cause hydroquinone to decompose exothermically at elevated temperature. (NFPA Pub. 491M, 1975, 385)
Conditions to avoid
no data available
Incompatible materials
Strong oxidizers, alkalis.
Hazardous decomposition products
no data available
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 320 mg/kg
- Inhalation: LC0 - rat (female) - >= 2 800 mg/m3 air (nominal).
- Dermal: LD50 - rabbit (male/female) - > 2 000 mg/kg bw.
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of hydroquinone. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of hydroquinone. Overall evaluation: Hydroquinone is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
Reproductive toxicity
No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of hydroquinone in humans. A slight reduction in maternal body weight gain, decreased fetal weight, increased resorption rate, and reduced fertility in males have been observed in rats orally exposed to hydroquinone via gavage or in the diet. Exposure of rabbits to hydroquinone via gavage produced negligible developmental alterations.
STOT-single exposure
The substance is severely irritating to the eyes. The substance is irritating to the skin and respiratory tract.
STOT-repeated exposure
Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. The substance may have effects on the eyes and skin. This may result in discolouration of the conjunctiva and cornea and skin depigmentation. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air will not or will only very slowly be reached on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri) - 0.638 mg/L - 96 h.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 0.134 mg/L - 48 h.
- Toxicity to algae: EC50 - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) - 0.33 mg/L - 72 h.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: IC50 - activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage - 71 mg/L - 2 h. Remarks:Respiration rate.
Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: Hydroquinone at a concentration of 0.05 mg/L underwent 7.5% removal in 5 days when inoculated with an activated sludge seed(1,2). Sewage sludge activated to phenol was found to oxidize hydroquinone(3,4). Pure culture oxidation of hydroquinone produced 1,4-benzoquinone, 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone and beta-ketoadipic acid(5). In a screening study using a sewage seed, hydroquinone had a 5 day theoretical BOD of 25.3%(6). Hydroquinone at an initial concentration of 200 mg/L COD underwent 54.2% removal (less than 120 hours) using a thickened adapted activated sludge under aerobic conditions(7). Activated sludges adapted to aniline, phenol or m-cresol were found to biodegrade hydroquinone under aerobic conditions(8). It was listed as undergoing rapid biodegradation in a commercial activated sludge unit under aerobic conditions(9).
Bioaccumulative potential
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for hydroquinone(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.59(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A bioaccumulation factor of 40 was measured using Golden ide fish (Leuciscus idus melanotus) exposed for 3 days to 0.05 mg/L hydroquinone(4,5). Experimental 24-hour bioaccumulation factors in alga were 40 and 65 for hydroquinone(4-6).
Mobility in soil
Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of hydroquinone is estimated as 240(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that hydroquinone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil. Hydroquinone can exhibit chemisorption to transition metal-containing particulate matter via reaction with the copper oxide/silca surfaces present(3).
Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
Disposal methods
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
UN Number
ADR/RID: UN3082 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: UN3082 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: UN3082 (For reference only, please check.)
UN Proper Shipping Name
ADR/RID: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE, LIQUID, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.)
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: 9 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: 9 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: 9 (For reference only, please check.)
Packing group, if applicable
ADR/RID: III (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: III (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: III (For reference only, please check.)
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: Yes
IMDG: Yes
IATA: Yes
Special precautions for user
no data available
Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
SECTION 16: Other information
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.No odour warning if toxic concentrations are present.