ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR (1-28) (RAT)

Description

Atrial natriuretic peptide is the first cardiac hormone isolated from the atria with potent hypotensive and natriuretic/diuretic actions. It is a drug target for hypertension and cardiac/renal failure. The presence of a natriuretic factor in the rat heart was first reported in 1981; it was isolated in 1983 from the rat and human atria.

The Uses of ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR (1-28) (RAT)

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide rat has been used:

• In the absorption test to confirm the specificity of the anti-NP antibodies.
• To study the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on renal water and sodium regulation in rats.
• To study the integrated biological effects of ANP on myocardial infarction using mice models.

Biochem/physiol Actions

ANP production is regulated by factors associated with developmental, hormonal and hemodynamic processes. Its secretion is stimulated by atrial wall stretch, and ischemia.

Clinical Use

28-peptide, vasodilator, that increases glomerular filtration and diuresis.

Clinical Use

The plasma ANP concentration is routinely measured to diagnose cardiac failure. The N-terminal fragment of proANP (NT-proANP) is also measured for diagnosis because of its longer half-life in plasma. Synthetic human ANP (Carperitide1 or Hanp) is used for the treatment of acute heart failure. Many kits for the measurement of plasma ANP are sold by various companies. Recently, ANP has been gradually replaced by BNP for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac failure because of its immediate secretion in the earlier phase.

Storage

Store at -20°C

Structure and conformation

Human proANP consists of 126 aa residues with bioactive mature ANP at the C-terminus. Human ANP, or ANP99–126, consists of 28 aa residues with an intramolecular ring structure of 17 aa residues, as with other NPs1. Amphibians and bony fish also possess ANP, but birds, reptiles (except for turtles), cartilaginous fish, and cyclostomes do not. N-terminal truncated forms exist in the brain and an N-terminal elongated form named urodilatin is present in the kidney. The sequence identity is low in the prosegment. The mature ANP sequence is conserved (only one aa difference) in mammals, but is variable across different classes. Most ANPs of teleosts have an amidated C-terminus.