CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
| Physical Description | 2,4-dinitrophenol appears as solid yellow crystals. Explosive when dry or with less than 15% water. The primary hazard is from blast of an instantaneous explosion and not flying projectiles and fragments. slightly soluble in water and soluble in ether and solutions of sodium or potassium hydroxide. |
|---|---|
| Color/Form | Pale yellow platelets or leaflets from water |
| Odor | SWEET, MUSTY ODOR |
| Taste | BITTER TASTE |
| Boiling Point | Sublimes (when carefully heated) (NTP, 1992) |
| Melting Point | 234 to 237 °F (NTP, 1992) |
| Solubility | >27.6 [ug/mL] (The mean of the results at pH 7.4) |
| Density | 1.68 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than water; will sink |
| Vapor Density | 6.35 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than air; will sink (Relative to Air) |
| Vapor Pressure | 0.00039 [mmHg] |
| LogP | 1.67 |
| Henry's Law Constant | Henry's Law constant = 8.6X10-8 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C |
| Stability/Shelf Life | Appear to be stable in acid solution, but are susceptible to decomposition by UV radiation in alkaline solutions. /Dintrophenols/ |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitroxides/. |
| Heat of Combustion | 648.0 KG CAL/G MOL WT @ 20 °C |
| pH | pH range: 2.6 Colorless, 4.4 Yellow |
| Ionization Efficiency | Negative |
| Dissociation Constants | 4.09 (at 25 °C) |
| Kovats Retention Index | 1492.3 1471 |
| Other Experimental Properties | Sublimes when carefully heated. Volatile with steam. ... Forms crystalline sodium salt ... Forms crystalline sodium salt which is soluble in water |
| Chemical Classes | Nitrogen Compounds -> Nitrophenols |
COMPUTED DESCRIPTORS
| Molecular Weight | 184.11 g/mol |
|---|---|
| XLogP3 | 1.7 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 5 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 184.01202123 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 184.01202123 g/mol |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 112 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 13 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 220 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
| Compound Is Canonicalized | Yes |
PRODUCT INTRODUCTION
description
Dinitrophenols are a class of manufactured chemicals that do not occur naturally in the environment. There are six different dinitrophenols. The most commercially important dinitrophenol, 2,4-di-nitrophenol (DNP), is a yellow solid with no smell. It is used in making dyes, wood preservatives, explosives, insect control substances, and other chemicals, and as a photographic developer. It was used in diet pills in the 1930s but was banned for this use in 1938. It may be sold under several trade names, including Caswell No. 392, Sulfo Black B, and Nitro Kleenup. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, the Public Health Service, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.